Near Poviglio’s town centre, in the Santa Rosa area, archaeological investigations carried out since 1983 have uncovered remains of an extensive seven-hectare settlement associated with the Terramare culture - Bronze Age villages dating from 1650 to 1150 BC. The main settlement, notable for both its size and duration, is the Terramara di Santa Rosa: covering about seven hectares, it was established around the late 16th century or early 15th century BC and remained active until the mid-12th century BC.

The most significant finds from the excavations (pottery, tools and ornaments made of bronze or deer antler, remains of local fauna, amber or glass paste beads) are now on display in the museum, accompanied by informative exhibits.